In the late 19th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army. Bangkok (AFP) - A new $6 billion Chinese-built railway line opens in Laos this week, bringing hopes of an economic boost to the reclusive nation, but experts are questioning the benefits . The French language's decline was slower and occurred later than in Vietnam and Cambodia in Laos as the monarchy of Laos had close political relations with France. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. The International Monetary Fund ranked Laos 36th out of 42 Asian countries in 2018. This slim paperback by Sam Brier and Phouphanomlack (Tee) Sangkhampone boasts an intuitive, sound-based way to learn the written Lao alphabet and sounds of the Lao language. The city was destroyed, valuables and historical artifacts were looted, and the population fled. Laosul i are originile n Imperiul Lan Xang ce a existat ntre secolele XIV i XVIII.. Dup o perioad de apartenen la Imperiul Colonial . Origins of the Lao Kingdom. Trekking in Luang Namtha Cities []. A new province, Xaisomboun province , was established on 13 December 2013. ", Barclay, Adam and Shrestha, Samjhana (AprilJune 2006). Vientiane became one of the most important settlements in the kingdom, and in 1563 it became the kingdom's capital. It was founded in 1563 and was prompted by fears of attacks from Burma. Vientiane (/ v i n t i n / vee-EN-tee-AHN, French: ; Lao: , Viangchan, pronounced [ tn]) is the capital and largest city of Laos.Vientiane is divided administratively into 9 cities with a total area of only approx. [citation needed], Massive aerial bombardments against the PAVN/Pathet Lao forces were carried out by the United States to prevent the collapse of the Kingdom of Laos central government, and to deny the use of the Ho Chi Minh Trail to attack US forces in South Vietnam. Located on the Mekong River the city has 950,000 inhabitants. [100], Ostensibly, the Constitution of Laos that was promulgated in 1991 and amended in 2003 contains most key safeguards for human rights. However, the latter is considered pejorative, meaning 'slave'. Population 6.7 million. Browse 13,220 laos capital stock photos and images available, or search for laos culture or thailand to find more great stock photos and pictures. [13] Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. [119] The economy receives development aid from the International Monetary Fund, Asian Development Bank, and other international sources; and also foreign direct investment for development of the society, industry, hydropower and mining (most notably of copper and gold). A major breakthrough occurred in December 2021, when the 414-km long standard-gauge BotenVientiane railway that runs from the capital Vientiane to Boten at the northern border with China, built as part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, was opened. Local tradition holds that there are three seasons (rainy, cool and hot) as the latter two months of the climatologically defined dry season are noticeably hotter than the earlier four months. [101] On 25 September 2009, Laos ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, nine years after signing the treaty. has been the most successful club with 8 titles, the highest number of championship wins. The constitution also contains provisions for gender equality, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of press and assembly. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. A new constitution was adopted in 1991 and enshrined a "leading role" for the LPRP. Take more wonderful experiences in this Mystery . [151] Visiting Vientiane, Laos, elicits such a diversity of opinions from travelers, it's often hard . The Capital City of Laos (officially named Lao People's Democratic Republic) is the city of Vientiane.The population of Vientiane in the year 2007 was 6,521,998. The airport in Paske was completed in 2009 with one terminal for both international and domestic flights. [citation needed], On 2 December 1975, after taking control of the country, the Pathet Lao government under Kaysone Phomvihane renamed the country as the Lao People's Democratic Republic and signed agreements giving Vietnam the right to station armed forces and to appoint advisers to assist in overseeing the country. 3,920 square kilometres and is located on the banks of the Mekong, close to the Thai border.Vientiane was the administrative capital . Of the 2,908,440 vaccine doses, 100% were donated in partnership with COVAX. French is also used in public works in central and southern Laos and Luang Prabang and is a language of diplomacy and of the elite classes, higher professions and elders. Between 1995 and 2008 approximately 1,232,900 more people had access to improved sanitation in rural areas. [citation needed], The Lao government controls all media channels to prevent critique of its actions. [17][18], The word Laos was coined by the French, who united the three Lao kingdoms in French Indochina in 1893 and named the country as the plural of the dominant and most common ethnic group, the Lao people. Pha That Luang, the countrys most revered national monuments, is located in Vientiane. Laos is a landlocked country on the Indo-Chinese peninsula between Thailand and Vietnam. The city of Vientiane is located on the Mekong River's bank near the Laos-Thailand border, and is the seat of the countrys national government. [citation needed], According to estimates, around 300,000 people fled to Thailand as a consequence of governmental repressions. What is the Difference Between Democrats and Republicans. [141] Access rose rapidly from 10 percent in 1995 to 38 percent in 2008. Vientiane Capital is the home to the most significant national monument in Laos: That Luang (Great Stupa), which is the symbol of Lao and an icon of Buddhism in Laos. It was built in 1556, when the capital was moved from Luang Prabang to Vientiene, and took 6 years to complete. Since July, 2021 the United States has shared 2,908,440 safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine doses with the people of Laos - free of cost. In fact, it feels more like a welcoming village, nestled in a bend of the Mekong River, Vientiane is dotted with temples and quirky, accessible attractions like the Buddha Park featuring surreal statues of the Buddha and the Monk Chat, a monthly opportunity to hang out with, you guessed it, monks. [165] The 2017 documentary feature film Blood Road was predominantly shot and produced in Laos with assistance from the Lao government, it was recognised with a News and Documentary Emmy Award in 2018. [155], The adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9%; for adult men, 78.1%. [141] Laos's predominantly rural[142] population makes investing in sanitation difficult. [64] A new province, Xaisomboun province, was established on 13 December 2013. [179] Only 3.5% of women and 2.1% of men between the ages of 1549 were in a polygamous union as of 2017. Jaew can refer to any type of dipping sauce, of which Laos has a never ending abundance. Laos's strategies for development are based on generating electricity from rivers and selling the power to its neighbours, namely Thailand, China and Vietnam, as well as its initiative to become a "land-linked" nation, as evidenced by the construction of four new railways connecting Laos and neighbours. [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. [47][46], Laos was a key part of the Vietnam War since parts of Laos were invaded and occupied by North Vietnam since 1958 for use as a supply route for its war against South Vietnam. Vientiane has a total area of 3,920 square km and an average elevation of 174 m. The city experiences a tropical savanna climate. Jaew. Other Hmong fighters hid out in mountains in Xiangkhouang Province for many years, with a remnant emerging from the jungle in 2003. [63] There is a distinct rainy season from May to October, followed by a dry season from November to April. His ministers, unable to tolerate his ruthlessness, forced him into exile to the present-day Thai province of Nan in 1373,[31] where he died. Area 236,800 sq km (91,400 sq miles) Major languages Lao, French. [72], On 17 May 2014, Defence Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Douangchay Phichit was killed in a plane crash, along with other top ranking officials. The Lao National Tourism Administration, related government agencies and the private sector are working together to realise the vision put forth in the country's National Ecotourism Strategy and Action Plan. The capital of Laos is Vientiane, which was founded 13th century. Export earnings from international visitors and tourism goods are expected to generate 16% of total exports or US$270.3million in 2010, growing in nominal terms to US$484.2million (12.5% of the total) in 2020. [138] Two new lines connecting with Vietnam, namely the VientianeVng ng and SavannakhetLao Bao railways, are also under planning, in line to meet the Laotian government's vision of becoming a land-linked nation. With the end of isolationism in the early 1990s however, the French language rebounded, thanks to the establishment of French, Swiss and Canadian relations and opening of French-language centers in central Laos. Southeast Asia is a region in the southern part of Asia that is composed of 11 countries: Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand . Laos is simply one of those places that will capture your heart for years to come. The Pathet Lao began a war against the French colonial forces with the aid of the Vietnamese independence organisation, the Viet Minh. [123] Approximately 77% of Lao farm households are self-sufficient in rice. French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. An "urban" village is essentially a town.[58]. It is stretched out on the north-eastern bank of a bend in the Mekong River. Choose our custom designed, flexible and unique Laos Tour Packages. The Lao subsequently established their own kingdom named the Lan Xang in 1354. [153][154] Buddhism has long been one of the most important social forces in Laos. During World War II, the city was briefly captured by Japan, but quickly recaptured by the French. The city has a tropical monsoon climate, every month . Laos is divided into 17 provinces (khoueng) and one prefecture (kampheng nakhon), which includes the capital city Vientiane (Nakhon Louang Viangchan). Lao PDR: How to Attract More Investment in Small-Scale Renewable Energy? [85] Several thousand Hmong people, fearing forced repatriation to Laos if they were not accepted for resettlement in the United States, fled the camp to live elsewhere within Thailand where a sizeable Hmong population has been present since the 19th century. [47], The foreign relations of Laos after the takeover by the Pathet Lao in December 1975 were characterised by a hostile posture toward the West, with the government of the Lao PDR aligning itself with the Soviet Bloc, maintaining close ties with the Soviet Union and depending heavily on the Soviets for most of its foreign assistance. A coup d'tat in 1960 in the Lao capital, Vientiane, deepened the country's political instability. Laos (/los/ (listen)[9][d]), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao: ), is a socialist state and the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. The attack resulted in the RLA largely demobilising, leaving the conflict to irregular ethnic Hmong forces of the "Secret Army" backed by the United States and Thailand, and led by General Vang Pao. Other Buddhist holy places are Wat Ong . It is estimated that about 37% of educated Laotians live outside Laos. 900-1300 AD - Most of Laos is subordinate to the Khmer Empire at Angkor. Laos, landlocked country of northeast-central mainland Southeast Asia. [53] In 1979, there were 50,000 PAVN troops stationed in Laos and as many as 6,000 civilian Vietnamese officials including 1,000 directly attached to the ministries in Vientiane. The nation's most important government buildings, ministries, departments and foreign embassies are located in Vientiane. Biggest Cities In Laos Vientiane . The main international airports are Vientiane's Wattay International Airport and Luang Prabang International Airport with Pakse International Airport also having a few international flights. [114][115][116], The Lao economy depends on investment and trade with its neighbours, Thailand, Vietnam, and, especially in the north, China. Xinhua That Luang Festival celebrated in Vientiane, Laos Candlelight parade surrounding the That Luang Stupa in Lao capital Vientiane on the night of Nov. 11, 2019. . The capital is Vientiane (Lao: Viangchan), located on the Mekong River in the northern portion of the country. Collectively, they are known as Lao Soung or highland Laotians. They were to have been released by October 2009, but their whereabouts remain unknown. Five of them were arrested and subsequently sentenced to up to 10 years imprisonment on charges of treason. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. From 1975 to 1996, the United States resettled some 250,000 Lao refugees from Thailand, including 130,000 Hmong. "Muay" comes from the Sanskrit term meaning "to box" but is generally used to describe the unarmed martial art found throughout Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. He describes his experience in the Lao capital in fine detail, making the minutiae come alive. The rebellion failed, and Vientiane was ransacked. In 2016, China was the biggest foreign investor in Laos's economy, having invested in US$5.395billion since 1989, according to Laos Ministry of Planning and Investment's 19892014 report. Get an insider's access to these Asia's exotic countries: Thailand, Vietnam and Laos.Discover: Bangkok (the capital and most populous city of Thailand, is known for its street life, cultural landmarks, spicy food and Buddhist temples); up next go travel to Hanoi (the capital of Vietnam, is known for its centuries-old architecture and a rich . The Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos) is a developing country ruled by a one-party, Communist government. Over the years, Vientiane has experienced civil wars, internal conflicts, and agitations which ultimately led to the freedom of Laos from French rule, and then from monarchial rule in 1975. settlement scattered around a Hindu temple. Residents of Laos' capital Vientiane on October 16 witnessed the arrival of the first passenger high-speed train running on the new Laos-China railway line which will, after some test runs, come into full operation in December . Photo: Tango7174, CC BY-SA 4.0. [24], An ancient human skull was recovered in 2009 from the Tam Pa Ling Cave in the Annamite Mountains in northern Laos; the skull is at least 46,000 years old, making it the oldest modern human fossil found to date in Southeast Asia. The most popular place to visit in Laos, Luang Prabang is an historic city that once served as the capital of the Kingdom of Laos. The national carrier is Lao Airlines. The 1957 document was abrogated in December 1975, when a communist people's republic was proclaimed. The Mekong River is vital as a transportation route for cargo and passengers, a source of electricity at dams, a water supply for crops, and a home to fish . The Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, where the mountains of the Annamite Range form most of the eastern border with Vietnam and the Luang Prabang Range the northwestern border with the Thai highlands. [74] Their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province. [144], Laos's population was estimated at 7.45million in 2020, dispersed unevenly across the country. However, villages far from major roads can be reached only through unpaved roads that may not be accessible year-round. [125], Laos is rich in mineral resources and imports petroleum and gas. All newspapers are published by the government, including two foreign language papers: the English-language daily Vientiane Times and the French-language weekly Le Rnovateur. In an effort to halt the planned repatriation, the Republican-led USSenate and House of Representatives both appropriated funds for the remaining Thailand-based Hmong to be immediately resettled in the United States; Clinton, however, responded by promising a veto of the legislation. The Laos government, through attorney Colin M. Thompson, filed the petition on Monday and also named Lao . After the Pathet Lao took over the country in 1975, the conflict continued in isolated pockets. Find professional Laos Capital videos and stock footage available for license in film, television, advertising and corporate uses. The stupa is open from 8am-4pm daily (with a one hour break from 12-1) and costs 5,000 kip to enter the inside. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. In 2017, Laos suffered fiscal and monetary difficulties which resulted in low levels of foreign reserves. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}18N 105E / 18N 105E / 18; 105. Modern-day Laos has its roots in the ancient Lao kingdom of Lan Xang, established in the 14th century under King FA NGUM. 1353 - Lan Xang (Million Elephants) Kingdom, founded in the 14th century by Fa Ngum. [33], In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers. [121] The irrigated areas under cultivation account for only 28% of the total area under cultivation which, in turn, represents only 12% of all of the agricultural land in 2012. [139]:8 Electricity is available to 93% of the population. [139]:19, The martial art of muay Lao, the national sport,[180] is a form of kickboxing similar to Thailand's muay Thai, Burmese Lethwei and Cambodian Pradal Serey. Foreign enterprises must report on their performance annually and submit annual financial statements to MPI. [175] Lao citizens who have criticised the government have been subjected to enforced disappearances, arbitrary arrests and torture. [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. [166], Australian filmmaker Kim Mordount's first feature film was made in Laos and features a Laotian cast speaking their native language. (Lao: , pronounced Loo-ang pah-bang and also spelled Louangphrabang, is the former capital of Laos and a UNESCO World Heritage city. [13] After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. Vientiane is the largest city with an area of 3,920km and the most populous in Laos with a population of 562,244. Laos became independent in 1953, with a constitutional monarchy under Sisavang Vong. ", "Evaluation Synthesis of Rice in Lao PDR", "Starting an Asian Cinema: Laos Past and Present", "Good Good Morning, Luang Prabang and hello to Laos's film industry", "Q&A with director Kim Mordaunt (The Rocket)", "A tale of revenge in Laos challenges censors", "Fantastic Fest 2013 Review: Chanthaly is A Haunting Portrait of Modern Day Laos", "Laos Selects 'Dearest Sister' as First Foreign-Language Oscar Submission", "Cannes: Southeast Asia Is Ready for Its Big-Screen Close-up", "Laos: Crony scheme in control of press and civil society", "Social Discrimination in the Lao People's Democratic Republic", "Muay Lao, the forgotten art of kickboxing", "Laos Stumbles on Path to Sporting Glory", Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEANRepublic of Korea Commemorative Summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, ASEANAustralia Development Cooperation Program, Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laos&oldid=1142166912, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1949, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles with failed verification from January 2021, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 21:55. 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